What does "grid-tied" mean in relation to solar PV systems?

A "grid-tied" solar photovoltaic (PV) system refers to a configuration that is connected to the electrical grid. This type of system allows for the seamless distribution of energy between the solar panels and the grid, enabling the homeowner or business to either use the power produced by their solar panels or draw from the grid when their solar generation is insufficient.

When the solar panels generate more electricity than is being consumed, the excess energy can be fed back into the grid. This interaction often allows the system owner to receive credits or compensation, effectively utilizing net metering policies in many regions, which can lower overall electricity costs.

Additionally, being grid-tied does not require the installation of a battery storage system, although it is compatible with one. This enhances the efficiency and affordability of solar systems, as they can rely on the grid for supplemental energy without needing to store excess energy for later use.

The nature of a grid-tied system also means that it is dependent on the availability of the grid; in cases of power outages, grid-tied systems typically cease operation for safety reasons unless they have additional features like battery backup.