What is the function of a solar inverter in a PV system?

The function of a solar inverter in a photovoltaic (PV) system is to convert direct current (DC) produced by solar panels into alternating current (AC), which is the type of electricity used in homes and businesses. Solar panels generate electricity in DC form, and since most electrical appliances and the grid operate on AC, the inverter plays a crucial role in making the energy usable.

This conversion is essential because it enables the electricity generated by the solar panels to be used to power household appliances, feed into the electrical grid, or be stored for later use with energy storage systems. Without an inverter, the DC electricity would not be compatible with standard electrical systems, making it ineffective for everyday use.

The other choices describe functions that are not related to the primary role of a solar inverter. Storing energy, for instance, is the role of batteries or other energy storage devices. Increasing the surface area of solar panels falls under design considerations and does not pertain to the function of converting electricity. Mounting solar panels securely is a practical aspect of installation but is unrelated to the inverter’s core functionality. Therefore, the inverter’s primary responsibility as a converter of DC to AC is pivotal for the integration of solar generation into practical electricity usage.