What is the simplest type of PV system?

The simplest type of photovoltaic (PV) system is a direct coupled system. In a direct coupled system, the solar panels are directly connected to a load, such as a battery or an appliance, without the need for additional complex components like inverters or charge controllers. This straightforward connection allows for immediate use of the generated electricity, making it easy to understand and set up.

Direct coupled systems typically do not involve the complexities associated with energy storage or grid interactions, which simplifies both the design and the operation. This is especially beneficial in applications where the energy needs can be met directly and there is no need for energy management or storage solutions.

In contrast, grid-tied systems require inverters to convert the direct current (DC) produced by the solar panels into alternating current (AC), which is compatible with the power grid. Indirect coupled systems involve more elaborate configurations that may include batteries and additional components to manage energy flow. Hybrid systems combine grid-tied and off-grid components, adding further complexity. Therefore, the direct coupled system stands out due to its uncomplicated nature and straightforward operational setup.